The main difference between the two points of stearic acid and calcium stearate

Stearic acid are calcium stearate are salts. Salt meanings:
Refers to a salt of a metal ion or an ammonium ion (+ NH4) ion or a compound with a combination of non-metallic ions . Such as sodium chloride , calcium nitrate , ferrous sulfate, ammonium acetate and the like , such as calcium sulfate , copper chloride , sodium acetate , the salt is generally in the metathesis reaction product , such as sodium sulfate and sodium hydroxide , and water is generated , there are also other salts can be generated in the reaction , e.g., a substitution reaction . Solution of a soluble salt of a conductive , because the solution to be freely mobile ions , therefore can be used as an electrolyte. It would appear that calcium stearate containing metal ions on the calcium salt , literally you can see . Acid meaning:
The acid in solution chemistry is the ionization of hydrogen ions and cations can completely compound of purple red litmus test solution . In a narrow sense can be divided into inorganic acids, organic acids . Acid proton theory: acid is a substance capable of releasing a proton referred acids. Stearic acid is an organic acid , a certain acidity. Loss of hydrogen ions combine with calcium metal thing is calcium stearate . 1 , the appearance of nature
Stearic acid is a white or creamy -white powder or crystalline lumps, which has a cross-section of microstrip shiny fine needle crystals; similar grease micro odorless, tasteless. Calcium stearate is a white powder , insoluble in water , cold ethanol and ether, dissolved in hot benzene, turpentine , and other organic solvents. Slightly soluble in hot ethanol and ether. When heated to 400 ℃ slowly decomposed , flammable , met decomposition of stearic acid and corresponding calcium , hygroscopic . 2, use comparison: stearic acid cream and cream for skin care products from these two types of emulsion , so that it becomes a stable white paste. Stearic acid or manufacturing honey and almond milk the main raw material . Stearic acid esters in cosmetics, soap industry is more widely used. Calcium stearate heat stabilizers for PVC and other plastic processing lubricants , mold release agents and the like. In rigid products , and the base of lead salts , lead soap can increase the rate of gelation . Also used in food packaging, medical equipment and other requirements of non-toxic soft film and equipment. Can be made of polyethylene , polypropylene, halogen absorbers to eliminate the adverse effects of residual catalyst on the color and stability. As plasticizers in rubber processing , enabling natural rubber and synthetic rubber to soften the whole , and almost no effect on curing . Also used as polyolefin fibers and molded plastic lubricants , grease thickening agent, textile waterproofing agent, paint flatting agent , plasticizer manufacturing plastic labels and so on. Also used in pencil manufacturing and medicine, perfume industry .

The main types of PVC

1.pvc generally soft products.
You can use the extruder extruded hoses, cables, wires, etc.; utilize injection molding machine with a variety of molds can be made of plastic
(7740, -270.00, -3.37%) sandals, shoes, slippers, toys, auto parts and so on.
2.pvc film. pvc mixed with additives, plasticizers, the use antimony trioxide  of three-roll or four-roll calender and formed into a predetermined thickness of a transparent or colored film,
This method of processing a film, a calendered film. You can also cut, heat processing, packaging bags, raincoats, tablecloths, curtains, inflatable toys. Wide transparent film can be used for greenhouses, plastic greenhouses and film use. The biaxially oriented thin
Film, suffered heat shrinkable properties, can be used for shrink packaging.
3.pvc coating products.
There is pvc artificial leather substrate confused spreads the cloth or paper, and then at 100 degrees or more plasticizing. Also available
In the first pvc calendered into a film with additives, and then laminated together with the substrate. No artificial leather substrate is directly from the rolling machine rolling into a certain thickness of the soft system sheet, and then the pressure on the pattern can be. Can be used to make leather suitcases, purses, book cover,
Sofa and car seat, as well as floor coverings, flooring materials for buildings.
4.pvc foam products.
Soft pvc mixing, adding the right amount titanium dioxide rutile  of foaming agent made of sheet material, the foam molding of foam can be used for foam slippers
Sandals, insoles, and shockproof cushion packaging materials. Extruder can also be used as the basis of rigid pvc foam sheet and low profile, alternative timber trial, is a new construction material only.
5.pvc transparent sheet.
pvc impact modifier was added and calcium zinc stabilizer  the organic tin stabilizer, mixing, plasticizing, rolling and a transparent sheet. Using thermal
Molding can be made thin transparent containers or for vacuum packaging, is an excellent packaging materials and decorative materials.
6.pvc hard board and sheet.
adding pvc stabilizers, lubricants and fillers, the kneaded, extruded with an extruder to a variety of hard tube diameter, shaped
Tubes, bellows, as the plumbing, water pipes, wire casing or stair railing. Good hot rolled sheets overlap will be
Made of rigid plates of various thicknesses. Sheet can be cut into desired shape and then use pvc welded by hot air welding
Various chemical resistant tanks, duct and containers.
7.pvc other.
Windows and doors with rigid shaped materials assembled. In some countries such as aluminum windows and wood windows and doors windows and doors occupy common market

calcium stearate simple narrative

Heat stabilizers for PVC and a variety of plastics processing lubricant , release agent . In rigid products , and  tribasic lead sulphate the base of lead salts , lead soap can increase the gelation speed. Also used in food packaging, medical equipment and other requirements nontoxic soft film and equipment. Can be made of polyethylene , polypropylene, halogen absorbent to remove the residual catalyst on the adverse effects of color and stability . As a plasticizer in rubber processing , make the whole into a natural rubber and rubber softening , and almost no effect on curing . Also used as a molding  epoxidation of soybean oil of polyolefin fibers and lubricants , grease thickening agent, textile waterproofing agent, paint flatting agent , when manufacturing plastic LP plasticizers. Also used in pencil manufacturing and pharmaceutical , perfume industry . Polyolefin polyolefin acid neutralizer color stability and corrosion have a direct contribution ;
Lubricating / processing aids improve  carbon black powder the polyolefins, polyamides , styrene and rubber in the extrusion molding ( film, fiber , profiling , etc. ) , and press molding processability.
Release properties of the thermoplastic plastics , rubber, and thermoset articles, such as unsaturated polyester polyurethane foam . Storage
The product packaging woven bag lined with plastic bag, 20KG or 10KG, stored in a cool , dry place , away from sources of fire , moisture , heat, not with acid, alkali and corrosive substances mixed Commonwealth Games .

The method of zinc stearate

Zinc stearate : "White powder , insoluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol , benzene , toluene, turpentine and other organic solvents ; across decomposed into stearic acid, and the corresponding salts ; under dry conditions in a fire resistance, ignition point 900 ℃; hygroscopicity.
Discloses a particular class of zinc stearate and  iron oxide yellow its production process , characterized in that the use of stearic acid, zinc oxide or zinc peroxide or hydrogen
Zinc oxide, strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agent combination according to the ratio of 100:14.3-19.5:0.2-1.5:0.02-0.5 , the  Metal stearate manufacturing process of the present invention
Simple , low energy consumption , no waste generation, do not pollute the environment, the present invention is a specific grade zinc stearate , product quality meet the national standard , and even some
Indicators better than the national one product standards , not only to meet the high polyethylene, polystyrene resin  iron oxide needs , but also for PVC, resin, rubber , textiles, cosmetics and other industries.

waterproofing agent, metal soap simple introduction

Waterproofing agents of metal soaps soluble metal soaps (the soluble soap ) waterproofing agent , and asphaltenes II metal soap waterproofing agent . Water soluble metal soaps agent is stearic acid , ammonia , potassium hydroxide ( or soda) and water heating by mixing fluorescent brightener  a saponified preparation waterproofing agent . This product is a paste -like, mixed with the cement mortar or concrete, the cement particles and aggregates can form a hydrophobic adsorption layer and between the formation of insoluble matter , from the tiny pores and clogging the PVC foaming board stabilizer  capillary filling passage effect. Bituminous waterproofing agent is a metal soap liquid petroleum asphalt, lime and water, mixing, grinding is made by drying . Mixed with the cement mortar and concrete ... a pore size in the nanometer to millimeter . If the surface in contact with the aqueous solution by capillary action will be adsorbed to the surface of concrete and further penetrate into the concrete ; same time , the solution of harmful substances such as chlorine ion , sulfate ion and the like can also be easily transported water into the concrete , reinforced concrete structure to bring serious corrosion damage [ 1 ] . At present , domestic and foreign has been widely white foaming agent  adopted penetration waterproofing agent on the concrete surface water treatment [ 2 ] , but using this traditional approach , the penetration depth of the water repellent is very limited , and in some special cases waterproof effect is not very satisfactory . If you can water repellent mortar or concrete as a component incorporated therein , its protection would be better, this approach is within the mixed water treatment. This paper mainly uses four different types , two kinds of different dosage of metal soap , add it to the concrete mixture to compare , test and research within the mixed metal soap of concrete compressive strength, water absorption coefficient by capillarity and resistance to chloride ion intrusion ability.

brightener some new role

 FWA scalability of insect virus manifested in two aspects, one is to expand the domain host insect viruses . One found in normal circumstances alfalfa looper nuclear polyhedrosis virus and  methyl tin stabilizer the margin of moth insect pox virus does not infect the gypsy moth , but with fluorescent brightener Phorwit AR enhanced , they can become infected gypsy moth . The second is that some insect viruses in the role of FWA change route of infection . 1994 Dougherty found by experiment gypsy moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus oral extracellular type virus does not infect gypsy moth
Many studies and tests found DSD Acid - triazine type fluorescent brighteners individual species with specificity , the typical varieties are fluorescent brightener Tinopal LPW. This specificity manifested in the following aspects:
( A ) wide range of applications . Fluorescent brightener Tinopal LPW for many kinds of insects tested nuclear polyhedrosis virus has enhanced role, and gypsy moth cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus , the  antimony flame retardant virus particle body gypsy moth , Dendrolimus cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus and so reflect good enhancement.
( 2 ) enhance the effect. Found by experiment , a fluorescent brightener Tinopal LPW and some other varieties of optical brighteners , compared with the same concentration under the same conditions added to some insect viruses infect the host , the infection good activity, high efficiency ratio , kill worm speed. Institute of Entomology, Central China Normal University, Guo Junhui , PENG Jian-xin et al to 3rd instar bollworm pest chosen as test fluorescent brightener Tinopal LPW and fluorescent brightener VBL, Fluorescent Brightener CBS-X three varieties are prepared as 1 % concentration , testing them on celery exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus synergism was found  organic pigments with the virus do not add fluorescent brightener compared synergistic ratios were 218 ; 32.1 and 26.26 times , killing speed were increased by 28% ; 17.3% 13.1%. Other tests also confirmed that a variety of fluorescent brightener Tinopal LPW role of insect viruses and insects are extremely significant system performance and stability enhancement , to be research FWA ( stilbene ) enhancing effect on insect viruses standard samples . ( 3) The use of low concentration . As mentioned above , the product is still strong at 0.01%, the enhanced effect ⑵. Studies have shown synergistic activity of its optimal concentration of 0.25% ~ 1%

pvc heat stabilizer significance

With many countries in the world for environmental awareness and increasingly severe environmental problems , related health problems in people's daily lives by everyone concerned . PVC products used as an extremely wide range of general plastic surface , in the heat stabilizer for shoes  traditional PVC heat stabilizers , containing heavy metals such as lead salt heat stabilizer has a good cost advantage , is widely used . However, with the deepening of understanding and found that in the manufacturing process have serious dust pollution, once absorbed by the body after can not be excreted , seriously affecting the health of production workers ; while PVC products containing lead salts in the course will be varies with time precipitation , which also affects the user 's health, especially in  titanium dioxide medicine and health, children's toys and food packaging-related products is particularly serious. Therefore, the traditional heavy metal toxic heat stabilizers will be fully replaced . Future PVC heat stabilizers are mainly concentrated in the direction of non-toxic calcium / zinc composite heat stabilizer and organic tin in two ways. Ca / Zn compound stabilizer due to excellent overall performance and cost-effectiveness will ultimately shape the future country PVC stabilizer system of the subject. It is also about to become the next phase of PVC heat stabilizers hotspot.
In summary , pvc heat stabilizer study glyceryl monostearate  related subjects in previous studies , based on the liquid calcium / zinc composite heat stabilizer metal soap synthesis and complex research to improve synthesis process , improve heat stabilizer comprehensive performance to meet the future needs of multi-functional stabilizer for the relevant enterprises and research institutions to provide a reference . And soft , transparent PVC heat stabilizer complex study to improve thermal stability . If these problems are resolved , there will be our country's non-toxic environmentally friendly PVC heat stabilizers to a higher level , widening environmentally friendly composite heat stabilizer market and shorten the gap with foreign countries . For widening liquid calcium / zinc composite heat stabilizer field of use has a positive meaning , and will directly promote the upgrading and development of the PVC industry .

PVC heat stabilizers aggregation structure

Performance of PVC heat stabilizers, it must be possible for PVC structure and evolution of condensed matter research, the following come to you to do an analysis.
First, PVC aggregation structure
PVC by suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, bulk polymerization, solution polymerization synthesis, and tribasic lead sulfate  suspension polymerization production accounted for 85% of total production, except for some special purpose materials, the vast majority of suspension PVC products.
The condensed suspension PVC has the following characteristics: particle diameter of the resin 150 pm, its interior has a "multi-particle" structure, a particle size of 1 ~ 2 ^ xm, its particle structure similar to "pomegranate", that is the PVC resin particles the  vegetable stearic acid secondary particles are aggregated together, and in turn, the secondary particle diameter of 1 (K50 nm primary particles piled up each other. Overall though PVC is generally considered to be an amorphous polymer, but its interior is still containing 5% of the crystallites. of PVC carbon - chlorine bond strongly polar, this part of the crystallite melting point of up to 200 V or more, making a lot of crystallites do not melt in the process of this part of the base microcrystalline as physical crosslinking points in the role.
Second, the processing aids in the processing of condensed structure Evolution
At lower processing temperatures, the resin particles are used as mobile unit under the action of force and heat extrusion friction with each other, is destroyed gradually as the primary and secondary particles. When the temperature is higher than the glass transition temperature of PVC, the agglomeration of the polymer particles in the secondary  PVC foaming board stabilizer chain starts moving, and formed at the surface of the secondary particle entangled network structure three-dimensional space.
Intermolecular forces of PVC large capacity is low and the molecular chain exercise special PVC particles condensed structure to poor heat when heated; particle suspension stabilizer present on the surface film, the hard particles melt microcrystalline, Suspended particles makes it difficult to form an effective tangles. These factors lead to slow plasticized PVC, low melt strength, defective rate, seriously affecting the production efficiency and product quality. Research results show that even at the end of the extrusion molding, only 60 to 65% of the secondary particles to complete plasticization. Resulting PVC solid particles containing a secondary structure of the "filler material", in addition to the secondary particle entanglement of the segment during the cooling after the formation of a new ceramic, PVC heat stabilizer gives the unique structural features and performance.

On the plasticizer product price trends

Plasticizer industry chain products remained stable during the November holiday , the market changed little. Phthalic anhydride , the upstream and downstream phthalate DOP market trend uncertainty hold stocks cautious view on the outlook , and some offer to maintain the  plastic lubricant state before the holiday , some temporarily offer .
Plasticizer industry chain products remained stable during the November holiday , the market changed little. Phthalic anhydride , the upstream and downstream phthalate DOP market trend uncertainty hold stocks cautious view on the outlook , and some offer to maintain the state before the holiday , some temporarily offer . Coupled with some during the potassium stearate  National Day parking DOP plant has not yet restarted , some other downstream plants still in the early consumption of inventory, find goods enthusiasm northeast usually because the oil companies today morning yet adjusted Oxo shipping price , Qilu Petrochemical Company pudding octanol factory yet prices, market participants Oxo afternoon on the sidelines , in addition, some market participants have not encore , to discuss the current market cold, transactions scarce , the market temporarily stable prices . DOP prices being stable, but Acrylic processing aid  subject to the following factors, watching the market sentiment is still important : First, the international oil prices rose, the mentality of the market has been boosted . Secondly, the raw materials : Acrylic prices continued to fall caused many market participants believe that there is still some room for downward adjustment octanol , so DOP lack of market confidence ; On the other hand , the domestic octanol factory is still running "deferred settlement" ( part of the market -person " insured " ) , and its final settlement price is still unpredictable. Meanwhile, many market participants have not returned after the holiday market , so DOP discuss much , little change in prices .

PVC Heat Stabilizer Technology advances and by category

PVC heat stabilizers environmental protection is imperative, zinc-based and non-toxic organic compounds based heat stabilizer is the main direction of development, but the zinc-based nontoxic heat stabilizers have a more realistic application and magnesium stearate  market space. Currently, foreign brands of high-performance zinc-based nontoxic heat stabilizers thermally stable performance close to or reach conventional levels of toxic species, has also been a lot of domestic manufacturers to carry out zinc-based nontoxic heat stabilizers in the development and application promotion, although Overall domestic product performance to be improved, but there are a lot of products to achieve industrial application and have some level of higher performance products. But
The current domestic environment-friendly heat stabilizer consumption ratio is still small, mainly because of the cost and its use is also significantly higher compared to toxic products. Seen in this light, environmentally friendly heat stabilizers future research and development, in addition to further improve performance, we must also focus on improving the cost-effective. To protect the health of our people and the living environment, improve China's PVC industry's international competitiveness in urgent need of related industries to the EU peer learning, take practical measures and steps to promote environmentally-friendly heat stabilizers in the development and promotion of the application process.
Is a kind of heat stabilizers to prevent or reduce the polymer in the course of processing by heat degradation or crosslinking, additives to extend the life of the composite material. Stabilizers commonly be divided into categories according to the main component base, fatty acid soaps, organic tin compounds, composite heat stabilizer and pure organic compounds.
1) base heat stabilizers: base with stabilizers is the "base" of the  heat stabilizer for panel lead salt of inorganic and organic acids, such stabilizer having excellent heat resistance, weather resistance and electrical insulation properties, low cost , poor transparency, toxicity, the dosage is generally 0.5% to 5.0%. (Source Global polyurethane network)
2) fatty acid-based heat stabilizer: These heat stabilizers is defined by the fatty acid composition of roots and metal ion compounds, also known as metal soap-based heat stabilizer, and its performance with the radical species and metal ions, generally an amount of 0.1% ~ 3.0%.
3) Organic tin-based heat stabilizer: These heat stabilizers may be unstable PVC and chlorine atoms in the  magnesium hydroxide molecule to form a ligand, the ligand and the organic tin carboxylate group and a chlorine atom unstable replacement. Such heat stabilizers are characterized by high stability, good transparency, heat resistance, deficiencies are more expensive.
4) composite heat stabilizer: PVC compound stabilizer is a base class, or based on metal soaps, liquid or solid, organic tin compound-based compound, wherein the metal salts of calcium - magnesium - zinc, barium - calcium - zinc, barium - zinc and barium - cadmium; commonly used organic acids such as organic acids, naphthenic acid, oleic acid, benzoic acid and salicylic acid.
5) organic heat stabilizers: These heat stabilizers can be used alone except for a few main stabilizers (mainly nitrogen-containing organic compounds), but also includes high boiling polyols and phosphite, phosphite often associated with metal stabilizers used, composite materials can improve the weather resistance, transparency, improve the surface color.

PVC heat stabilizers affect the transparency of several factors

1, the refractive index of the stabilizer
PVC resin, heat stabilizer and 1.52 to 1.55 of the refractive index of the visible light are the  chromium oxide same or similar, then the better the transparency of PVC products, the transparency is low and vice versa.
2, stabilizer molecules (molecules) of linear length
Heat stabilizer molecule (or molecules) linear length is less than 400 ~ 735nm wavelength of visible light refracting fewer higher degree of transparency, whereas less transparent.
3, a heat stabilizer in PVC, "solubility", ie compatibility
The so-called compatibility of two or more substances refers to the mutual affinity when mixed. Good compatibility is possible to achieve dispersion of the molecular level. Thermal stabilizer in the PVC stabilizer for pipe  molten state has good compatibility with PVC resin. Do not form a two-phase, that is no interface or the interface is not obvious, less refracted light, PVC products, higher transparency. Liquid stabilizer than the corresponding solid metal soap good compatibility in PVC, the linear molecule has a smaller length, and thus the higher the transparency of the PVC.

The nature of carbon black

Blackness
Carbon black blackness is presented with a black intensity. Carbon black as a coloring, the black level is mainly based on absorption of light, the specific

concentration of carbon black, carbon black powder more small, the higher the degree of light absorption. By the carbon black level in addition to the internal light

absorption, but also by the geometry of the surface of the particles arising from the impact mechanism having a brightening effect of light scattering, which reduces

the black level. As the particle size decreases, the lower degree of light scattering. Only for very fine carbon black , increase the concentration of carbon black in

order to improve the black level, the coarse carbon black, a dominant factor and degree of light scattering increases and increase the number of carbon black, the

black level but reduced accordingly.
Dispersion
Pigment Black finer points of contact between the carbon black aggregates will be more stronger cohesion between the results, when the pigment black mixed material,

the carbon black was uniformly distributed initial start, then the function of the dispersion to be it large to the carbon black particles separated, and ultimately

achieve the highest blackness and coloring. Compared with a high structure carbon black, low structure carbon black is more likely to reach high concentrations, but in

the dispersion process has therefore require a larger dispersion forces. Performance is influenced by the structure of carbon black dispersion extent, due to the high

structure carbon black has good dispersion properties, so its color intensity is naturally strong. When using powdered carbon black, there will be scattered and

headaches dust problem, therefore, can be used masterbatch or syrup. Prefabricated price than the mere use of carbon black pigment black to be high, but if taking into

account the cleaning process, high efficiency and technical advantages of low investment, carbon black formulations is its value.
Light stability
Light makes plastic aging, especially the sun's ultraviolet rays will accelerate the aging of plastics. In line with the use of organic UV absorbers and antioxidants

can extend the life. However, pigment black is still considered the best UV stabilizers.
Pigment Black as ultraviolet light absorbers